Mathematical Architects · Algebra I

Searching for Patterns — Visual Lab

Module 1. Build a sequence with sliders and watch it appear three ways at once — as a table, as points on a graph, and as a rule you can read aloud.

Interactive Lab #17 Module 01 · Sequences TEKS A.12A / A.12C / A.12D

Every sequence is a function with a special domain: the counting numbers \(\{1, 2, 3, \dots\}\). The first term is where the pattern starts; the step — a constant difference for arithmetic or a constant ratio for geometric — is the rule that drives it forward. Move the sliders below and watch the table, the graph, and the algebra stay in perfect agreement.


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Pattern & Sequence Explorer

Pick a sequence type, then drag the three sliders. The highlighted step shows the constant difference or ratio at work.


Orientation

What you're seeing

  • Three views, one pattern. The table, the graph, and the rule are the same sequence shown three different ways — the four blueprints of every function (here, three of them).
  • Arithmetic = constant difference. Each term adds the same amount \(d\). On the graph the points land on a straight line — that's why \(d\) behaves like a slope.
  • Geometric = constant ratio. Each term multiplies by the same number \(r\). The points curve — the seed of exponential growth and decay (Module 4).
  • Recursive vs. explicit. The recursive rule tells you how to get the next term from the last; the explicit rule jumps straight to any term \(a_n\) without listing the others.
Investigation

Try this

  1. Set arithmetic with \(a_1 = 3\) and \(d = 2\). Read the explicit rule, then predict \(a_{10}\) before dragging the term slider to check.
  2. Make \(d\) negative. What happens to the line — and to the "Behavior" readout? When does a sequence decrease?
  3. Switch to geometric with \(r = 2\). Compare the shape to the line. Now set \(r\) between 0 and 1 — that's decay.
  4. Find a setting where arithmetic and geometric look almost the same for the first two terms but split apart by term 6. Why does the ratio eventually win?

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Key Vocabulary

The precise words a mathematician uses to describe what the sliders are doing.

Sequence

An ordered list of numbers (terms). As a function its domain is the counting numbers \(\{1, 2, 3, \dots\}\) and each term \(a_n\) is an output.

Common difference (d)

The constant amount added from one term to the next in an arithmetic sequence: \(a_n - a_{n-1} = d\).

Common ratio (r)

The constant multiplier from one term to the next in a geometric sequence: \(a_n \div a_{n-1} = r\).

Recursive rule

Defines a term from the one before it, plus a starting value — e.g. \(a_1 = 3,\ a_n = a_{n-1} + 2\).

Explicit rule

A closed-form formula for any term directly from \(n\) — e.g. \(a_n = 3 + 2(n-1)\). No earlier terms needed.

Key features

Domain, first/last term, and behavior (increasing, decreasing, growth, decay) — the structure you read off any function.

Standards in this lab

TEKS & Function Key-Features

This lab targets the Sequences strand of Module 1, where scholars first meet recursive and explicit rules and connect them to the families of functions they'll graph all year.

A.12A A.12C A.12D A.2A A.3C

A.12A simple recursive sequences · A.12C arithmetic sequences · A.12D geometric sequences. Identifying domain, range, and behavior connects to A.2A and A.3C.


Ready for the full course map? Head back to Algebra I, read the Syllabus, or check the Pacing Guide to see where Module 1 sits in the year.

Module and sequence structure follow the TEA Bluebonnet Learning — Secondary Mathematics open curriculum (Edition 1, adapted from Carnegie Learning), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Classroom use is non-commercial.